The Commonwealth of Australia formed on 1 January 1901 as a Federation of 6 British colonies. Although de facto independent from the beginning, it gained de jure independence in the following decades. Throughout the Commonwealth’s existence, and throughout the existence of the preceding colonies (1788-1901), Australia has been a constitutional monarchy – although the monarch’s status as sovereign of multiple nations, and residence in the United Kingdom, necessitates the appointment of a Governor-General to represent the monarch and perform the duties of a head of state.
Since 1953, the monarch has been formally titled Queen of Australia when a woman, and King of Australia when a man. Previously, from 1788 until 1800, the monarch was King of Great Britain, France and Ireland. Then from 1801 to 1814, and again from 1837 to 1901, it was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when a man, and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when a woman. From 1814 to 1837 it was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King of Hanover. From 1901 to 1927 it was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, the first acknowledgement of Australia in the sovereign’s title. From 1927 to 1953 it was King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas when a man, and Queen of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas when a woman.
THE BRITISH KINGS AND QUEEN OF THE AUSTRALIAN COLONIES
20 January 1788 – 29 January 1820
29 January 1820 – 26 June 1830
House of Hanover
Son of George III
26 June 1830 – 20 June 1837
House of Hanover
Son of George III, brother of George IV
20 June 1837 – 1 January 1901
House of Hanover
Granddaughter of George III, niece of George IV and William IV
THE QUEENS AND KINGS OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
1 – 22 January 1901
House of Hanover
Granddaughter of George III, niece of George IV and William IV
22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Son of Victoria
6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (until 1917)
House of Windsor (from 1917)
20 January – 11 December 1936
House of Windsor
Son of George V
11 December 1936 – 6 February 1952
House of Windsor
Son of George V, brother of Edward VIII
6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022
House of Windsor
Daughter of George VI
8 September 2022 – present
House of Windsor
Son of Elizabeth II
J-M's History Corner 
It is surprising that Australia still is under the Windsor monarchy. Wonder of it will change sometime soon?
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It’s unlikely to change in the near future.
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