The World’s Leaders: A List – P

My quest continues! See A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N and O for the often-updated previous parts.

PAKISTAN

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan’s current state leaders are President Asif Ali Zardari (born 1955), who assumed office on 10 March 2024 (and previously held office from 9 September 2008 until 9 September 2013); and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif (born 1951), who assumed office on 4 March 2024 (and previously held office from 11 April 2022 until 13 August 2023).

Asif Ali Zardari

Shehbaz Sharif

Living are former Presidents Wasim Sajjad (born 1941), who held office and an acting capacity from 28 July 1993 until 14 November 1993, and again from 2 December 1997 until 1 January 1998; Muhammad Mian Soomro (born 1950), who held office in an acting capacity from 18 August 2008 until 9 September 2008; and Arif Alvi (born 1949), who held office from 9 September 2018 until 10 March 2024.

Wasim Sajjad

Muhammad Mian Soomro

Arif Alvi

Also living are former Prime Ministers Nawaz Sharif (born 1949), who held office from 6 November 1990 until 18 July 1993, and again from 17 February 1997 until 12 October 1999, and again from 5 June 2013 until 28 July 2017; Shujaat Hussain (born 1946), who held office from 30 June 2004 until 23 August 2004; Shaukat Aziz (born 1949), who held office from 28 August 2004 until 15 November 2007; Muhammad Mian Soomro (born 1950), who held office in a caretaker capacity from 16 November 2007 until 24 March 2008; Yusuf Raza Gilani (born 1952), who held office from 25 March 2008 until 19 June 2012; Raja Pervaiz Ashraf (born 1950), who held office from 22 June 2012 until 24 March 2013; Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (born 1958), who held office from 1 August 2017 until 31 May 2018; Nasirul Mulk (born 1950), who held office in a caretaker capacity from 1 June 2018 until 18 August 2018; Imran Khan (born 1952), who held office from 18 August 2018 until 10 April 2022; and Anwaar ul Haq Kakar (born 1971), who held office from 14 August 2023 until 4 March 2024.

Nawaz Sharif

Shujaat Hussain

Shaukat Aziz

Muhammad Mian Soomro

Yusuf Raza Gilani

Raja Pervaiz Ashraf

Shahid Khaqan Abbasi

Nasirul Mulk

Imran Khan

Anwaar ul Haq Kakar

PALAU

The Republic of Palau’s current state leader is President Surangel Whipps Jr. (born 1968), who assumed office on 21 January 2021.

Surangel Whipps Jr.

Living are former Presidents Thomas Remengesau Jr. (born 1956), who held office from 1 January 2001 until 15 January 2009, and again from 17 January 2013 until 21 January 2021; and Johnson Toribiong (born 1946), who held office from 15 January 2009 until 17 January 2013.

Thomas Remengesau Jr.

Johnson Toribiong

PALESTINE

The State of Palestine’s current state leaders are President Mahmoud Abbas (born 1935), who assumed office on 8 May 2005; and Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa (born 1954), who assumed office on 31 March 2024.

Mahmoud Abbas

Mohammad Mustafa

Living is former President Rawhi Fattouh (born 1949), who held office in an interim capacity from 11 November 2004 until 15 January 2005.

Rawhi Fattouh

Also living are former Prime Ministers Mahmoud Abbas (born 1935), who held office from 19 March 2003 until 6 September 2003; Nabil Shaath (born 1938), who held office in an acting capacity from 15 December 2005 until 24 December 2005; Ismail Haniyeh (born 1962), who held office from 29 March 2006 until 2 June 2014; Salam Fayyad (born c.1951), who held office from 15 June 2007 until 6 June 2013; Rami Hamdallah (born 1958), who held office from 6 June 2013 until 23 June 2013, and again from 19 September 2013 until 14 April 2019; and Mohammad Shtayyeh (born 1958), who held office from 13 April 2019 until 31 March 2024.

Mahmoud Abbas

Nabil Shaath

Ismail Haniyeh

Salam Fayyad

Rami Hamdallah

Mohammad Shtayyeh

PANAMA

The Republic of Panama’s current state leader is President Laurentino Cortizo (born 1953), who assumed office on 1 July 2019.

Laurentino Cortizo

Living are former Presidents Aristides Royo (born 1940), who held office from 11 October 1978 until 31 July 1982; Ricardo de la Espriella (born 1934), who held office from 31 July 1982 until 13 February 1984; Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino (born 1938), who held office from 11 October 1984 until 28 September 1985; Francisco Rodríguez (born 1938), who held office in a provisional capacity from 1 September 1989 until 20 December 1989; Ernesto Pérez Balladares (born 1946), who held office from 1 September 1994 until 1 September 1999; Mireya Moscoso (born 1946), who held office from 1 September 1999 until 1 September 2004; Martín Torrijos (born 1963), who held office from 1 September 2004 until 1 July 2009; Ricardo Martinelli (born 1951), who held office from 1 July 2009 until 1 July 2014; and Juan Carlos Varela (born 1963), who held office from 1 July 2014 until 1 July 2019.

Aristides Royo

Ricardo de la Espriella

Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino

Francisco Rodríguez

Ernesto Pérez Balladares

Mireya Moscoso

Martín Torrijos

Ricardo Martinelli

Juan Carlos Varela

Also living is former Military Leader Rubén Darío Paredes (born 1933), who held office from 3 March 1982 until 12 August 1983.

Rubén Darío Paredes

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea’s current state leaders are King Charles III (born 1948), who assumed the throne on 8 September 2022; Governor-General Sir Bob Dadae (born 1961), who assumed office on 28 February 2017; and Prime Minister James Marape (born 1971), who assumed office on 30 May 2019.

Charles III

Sir Bob Dadae

James Marape

Living are former Governors-General Sir Wiwa Korowi (born 1948), who held office from 18 November 1991 until 20 November 1997; and Theo Zurenuoc (born 1965), who held office in an acting capacity from 18 February 2017 until 28 February 2017.

Sir Wiwa Korowi

Theo Zurenuoc

Also living are former Prime Ministers Sir Julius Chan (born 1939), who held office from 11 March 1980 until 2 August 1982, and again from 30 August 1994 until 27 March 1997, and again from 2 June 1997 until 22 July 1997; Paias Wingti (born 1951), who held office from 21 November 1985 until 4 July 1988, and again from 17 July 1992 until 30 August 1994; Sam Abal (born 1958), who held office in an acting capacity from 13 December 2010 until 17 January 2011, and again from 4 April 2011 until 2 August 2011; and Peter O’Neill (born 1965), who held office from 2 August 2011 until 29 May 2019.

Sir Julius Chan

Paias Wingti

Sam Abal

Peter O’Neill

PARAGUAY

The Republic of Paraguay’s current state leader is President Santiago Peña (born 1978), who assumed office on 15 August 2023.

Santiago Peña

Living are former Presidents Juan Carlos Wasmosy (born 1938), who held office from 15 August 1993 until 15 August 1998; Raúl Cubas Grau (born 1943), who held office from 15 August 1998 until 29 March 1999; Luis González Macchi (born 1947), who held office from 29 March 1999 until 15 August 2003; Nicanor Duarte (born 1956), who held office from 15 August 2003 until 15 August 2008; Fernando Lugo (born 1951), who held office from 15 August 2008 until 22 June 2012; Federico Franco (born 1962), who held office from 22 June 2012 until 15 August 2013; Horacio Cartes (born 1956), who held office from 15 August 2013 until 15 August 2018; and Mario Abdo Benítez (born 1971), who held office from 15 August 2018 until 15 August 2023.

Juan Carlos Wasmosy

Raúl Cubas Grau

Luis González Macchi

Nicanor Duarte

Fernando Lugo

Federico Franco

Horacio Cartes

Mario Abdo Benítez

PERU

The Republic of Peru’s current state leader is President Dina Boluarte (born 1962), who assumed office on 7 December 2022.

Dina Boluarte

Living are former Presidents Alberto Fujimori (born 1938), who held office from 28 July 1990 until 22 November 2000; Alejandro Toledo (born 1946), who held office from 28 July 2001 until 26 July 2006; Ollanta Humala (born 1962), who held office from 28 July 2011 until 28 July 2016; Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (born 1938), who held office from 28 July 2016 until 23 March 2018; Martín Vizcarra (born 1963), who held office from 23 March 2018 until 9 November 2020; Manuel Merino (born 1961), who held office from 10 November 2020 until 15 November 2020; Francisco Sagasti (born 1944), who held office from 17 November 2020 until 28 July 2021; and Pedro Castillo (born 1969), who held office from 28 July 2021 until 7 December 2022.

Alberto Fujimori

Alejandro Toledo

Ollanta Humala

Pedro Pablo Kuczynski

Martín Vizcarra

Manuel Merino

Francisco Sagasti

Pedro Castillo

THE PHILIPPINES

The Republic of the Philippines’ current state leader is President Bongbong Marcos (born 1957), who assumed office on 30 June 2022.

Bongbong Marcos

Living are former Presidents Joseph Estrada (born 1937), who held office from 30 June 1998 until 20 January 2001; Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (born 1947), who held office from 20 January 2001 until 30 June 2010; and Rodrigo Duterte (born 1945), who held office from 30 June 2016 until 30 June 2022.

Joseph Estrada

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Rodrigo Duterte

Also living is former Prime Minister Cesar Virata (born 1930), who held office from 28 July 1981 until 25 February 1986.

Cesar Virata

POLAND

The Republic of Poland’s current state leaders are President Andrzej Duda (born 1972), who assumed office on 6 August 2015; and Prime Minister Donald Tusk (born 1957), who assumed office on 13 December 2023 (and previously held office from 16 November 2007 until 22 September 2014).

Andrzej Duda

Donald Tusk

Living are former Presidents Lech Wałęsa (born 1990), who held office from 22 December 1990 until 22 December 1995; Aleksander Kwaśniewski (born 1954), who held office from 23 December 1995 until 23 December 2005; Bronisław Komorowski (born 1952), who held office in an acting capacity from 10 April 2010 until 8 July 2010, and in an official capacity from 6 August 2010 until 6 August 2015; Bogdan Borusewicz (born 1949), who held office in an acting capacity for a few hours on 8 July 2010; and Grzegorz Schetyna (born 1963), who held office in an acting capacity from 8 July 2010 until 6 August 2010.

Lech Wałęsa

Aleksander Kwaśniewski

Bronisław Komorowski

Bogdan Borusewicz

Grzegorz Schetyna

Also living are former Prime Ministers Jan Krzysztof Bielecki (born 1951), who held office from 4 January 1991 until 5 December 1991; Waldemar Pawlak (born 1959), who held office in a caretaker capacity from 5 June 1991 until 10 July 1992, and in an official capacity from 26 October 1993 until 6 March 1995; Hanna Suchocka (born 1946), who held office from 8 July 1992 until 26 October 1993; Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (born 1950), who held office from 7 February 1996 until 31 October 1997; Jerzy Buzek (born 1940), who held office from 31 October 1997 until 19 October 2001; Leszek Miller (born 1946), who held office from 19 October 2001 until 2 May 2004; Marek Belka (born 1952), who held office from 2 May 2004 until 31 October 2005; Kazimierz Marcinikiewicz (born 1959), who held office from 31 October 2005 until 14 July 2006; Jarosław Kaczyński (born 1949), who held office from 14 July 2006 until 16 November 2007; Ewa Kopacz (born 1956), who held office from 22 September 2014 until 16 November 2015; Beata Szydło (born 1963), who held office from 16 November 2015 until 11 December 2017; and Mateusz Morawiecki (born 1968), who held office from 11 December 2017 until 13 December 2023.

Jan Krzysztof Bielecki

Waldemar Pawlak

Hanna Suchocka

Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz

Jerzy Buzek

Leszek Miller

Marek Belka

Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz

Jarosław Kaczyński

Ewa Kopacz

Beata Szydło

Mateusz Morawiecki

PORTUGAL

The Portugese Republic’s current state leaders are President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (born 1948), who assumed office on 9 March 2016; and Prime Minister Luís Montenegro (born 1973), who assumed office on 2 April 2024.

Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa

Luís Montenegro

Living are former Presidents António Ramalho Eanes (born 1935), who held office from 14 July 1976 until 9 March 1986; and Aníbal Cavaco Silva (born 1939), who held office from 9 March 2006 until 9 March 2016.

António Ramalho Eanes

Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Also living are former Prime Ministers Francisco Pinto Balsemão (born 1937), who held office from 9 January 1981 until 9 June 1983; Aníbal Cavaco Silva (born 1939), who held office from 6 November 1985 until 25 October 1995; António Guterres (born 1949), who held office from 28 October 1995 until 6 April 2002; José Manuel Barroso (born 1956), who held office from 6 April 2002 until 17 July 2004; Pedro Santana Lopes (born 1956), who held office from 17 July 2004 until 12 March 2005; José Sócrates (born 1957), who held office from 12 March 2005 until 21 June 2011; Pedro Passos Coelho (born 1964), who held office from 21 June 2011 until 26 November 2015; and António Costa (born 1961), who held office from 26 November 2015 until 2 April 2024.

Francisco Pinto Balsemão

Aníbal Cavaco Silva

António Guterres

José Manuel Barroso

Pedro Santana Lopes

José Sócrates

Pedro Passos Coelho

António Costa